Simultaneous Analysis of 19 Organic Solvents and Additives in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes Using GC-MS

User Benefits

- Simultaneous analysis of 19 organic solvents and additives reduces analytical time and improves efficiency. - This method is suitable for the characterization of commercial LIB electrolyte formulations.

Introduction

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are eco-friendly, rechargeable energy storage devices that provide a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. They are widely used to power electric vehicles and store energy generated from renewable sources, thereby reducing dependence on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. As a result, LIBs play a essential role in the transition toward low-carbon and sustainable energy systems. The electrolytes in LIB consists of a lithium salt dissolved in a mixture of organic solvents and formulated with various functional additives. The organic solvents act as the vehicle for lithium-ion transport between electrodes, while the additives improve electrolytes stability, safety, and overall performance by enabling stable operation under various conditions. Both organic solvents and additives play an essential roles in the function and performance of LIBs. Accurate control of electrolytes composition is critical, as even minor impurities in the solvents or additives can result in significant safety risks and degradation of battery performance. Therefore, the analysis of electrolytes composition and its operational degradation products is essential for ensuring the safety, stability, and quality of LIBs throughout their development and production. In a previous Application News, the analysis of seven compounds used as organic solvents and additives in LIB electrolytes using GC-FID was proposed. In this study, an analytical method of 19 organic solvents and additives commonly used in LIBs electrolytes was developed. The analysis was carried out using the Shimadzu Nexis GC-2030 gas chromatograph coupled with the QP2020NX single quadrupole mass spectrometer. The developed method was successfully applied to commercial LIB electrolyte sample.

May 21, 2025 GMT